First an apology for the long due of appearance of this article. Reason is because I got my new third child, there was a lot to do.

My motto: Exclusion ends in violence. Inclusion ends in justified election.

The topics in this part are:

1. Drought in Eritrea

This time, the talk about Eritrea should precede by giving focus to the prevailing drought. It is encouraging to mark notices of concern from different walks of life mentioning that priority should be given to saving lives. The alert is there, as well as the fact that supply of food is running out there. What is not there? The pledge by the donor countries didn't reached there. Once again Eritrea is fallen to the mercy of its heroic and kind by nature, its children. Time had proved it in the past and now time is witnessing the kindness and real concern of Eritreans to their people. Every body from the far corner of the diehards of the governing body to the other far corner of the opposition groups are once again united to fight drought by vowing; no single life of an Eritrean will pass away by famine as long as we exist. Maybe, who knows this unity would pave the way to bring all Eritreans to reconciliation and leads to the lasting happiness.

I call the Eritrean government to be proactive and give chance, this momentum of unity, to open the door for coming together. I am just calling to the Eritrean government attention to give chance, only this time, as the first step to include the opposition groups to work side by side with the Eritrean government to subvert the danger of drought in Eritrea. At the same time, I call to the attention of the opposition groups to freeze all activities of subvert actions against the government and they to express their support to the Eritrean government in averting the danger of drought and to give their unequivocal support of the Eritrean governments claim in border demarcation. By any means, Ethiopia should not gain ground of excuses that there is trouble among Eritreans with Ethiopian border. Therefore, this opportunity of good gesture by the opposition groups, this time, to focus in saving lives must not be missed by the governing body to seize the opportunity for dialogue.

2. Rule of Law in Eritrea.

It is by chance I found the talk of rule of law in Eritrea in the following article, in asmarino.com.

Here comes now the important statement given by senior Eritrean official. It says,

So, now, it has become crystal clear that there is talk about rule of law in Eritrea. It is true then that, when bad comes, altogether will be bad and when good comes, all together will be good. If now words followed by actions, ruling of the border commission will be final and binding, consequently the border between Eritrea and Ethiopia demarcates accordingly. Definitely, after demarcation peace will reign in the Horn of Africa. With that all good things are going to follow. One of the good things is rule of law in Eritrea.

Before I proceed to say few words about rule of law I would like to forward the following comment about the ruling of the border commission. The misunderstanding and the unfortunate events that happened between the brotherly and sisterly people of Eritrea and Ethiopia is coming to its final settlement. This time, there is no need of jeopardizing the promising peaceful coexistence between Eritrea and Ethiopia by expressing unnecessary and ignorant type of euphoria of victory. One thing that is worthy to realize is neither Eritrea nor Ethiopia can be victorious by unleashing misery and destruction to these two unfortunate people. We can say that the Eritrean and the Ethiopian people together became losers, on terms of unnecessary wastage of time and humane resource in one hand, and both countries are now victorious by winning a lasting peace on the other hand. From now on we have to look for better future and harmonious neighborhood between Eritrea and Ethiopia. On this occasion I would like to forward words of wisdom to the leaders of the Eritrean people. Now the verdict is given and it is final and binding. The remaining process of demarcation is a case purely to be handled by the border commission. The arguments raised by Ethiopia is a concern for the border commission not for Eritrea. The matter of misunderstanding between the border commission and Ethiopia has to be resolved according to the decision given by the border commission. Eritrea has to be proactive and encourage Ethiopia to be positive for future friendship. Ceasing hostilities of actions has to be accompanied by ceasing hostility of words. Eritrea has to send a signal of friendship to the people of Ethiopia residing in Badme. Eritrea has to assure them that they have the right to live like all Eritreans in Badme equally under the protection of Eritrean sovereignty. Now, let us look to the other issues.

I prefer to let talented lawyers to ride the horse when it comes talk about laws and rule of law. I am pure tired mechanical engineer person who now works in post production to get rest of mind. But, I know that, it is my inherited right to express my opinions and to participate fully in the saying of Eritrean matters. Therefore, when I talk about rule of law in Eritrea, I base my opinions not as a professional lawyer, but as a simple proud Eritrean that have the right to talk of everything about Eritrea.

I know that, in Eritrean politics, it is not shame to say or write about a subject matter even if you don't have an in-depth knowledge about it. As long as it became acceptable, persons from the opposition groups, expressing their opinion by insulting the Eritrean government and pfdj. And, as long as it became acceptable persons from the supporters of the Eritrean government and pfdj expressing their opinion by insulting the opposition groups, I claim that the insult that I forward by expressing my unprofessional opinion of rule of law to the professional Eritrean lawyers has to be acceptable.

Now, let us come to the talk of rule of law in Eritrea. Let me begin by simple example. In football, let us say there is no rule of law to play it. Now you can imagine the chaotic situation that would be (imagine the situation in Iraq). At least, if it is going to have a beginning and an end there has to be rule of law. Let us agree there has to be rule of law in playing football. By doing so, at least we manage to avoid anarchy and we can say that we can create a stable situation. That is fair and acceptable. But, now, imagine that the authorities have the right to change the rule of law mid in the playing time. That is after break, they dismiss the referee and assign new referee that favors one club. What are you saying this time? Are you imagining that would not happen? Don't forget that we assumed the authorities have the right to change the rules of law. It is in this point that we should concentrate how to avoid such things not to happen. To talk only about rule of law is not enough. There is a supreme power that constrains not to fall to the trap of the dirty game in application of rule of law. And that is the constitution. It is here that the talk has to start. Before I talk about the constitution and its influence in the rule of law I am going to take you to some practical events that will help us understand the interweaving of the superiority of the constitution and the application of rule of law. One without the other is like body without soul.

It was long time, there were football clubs in Ethiopia (Eritrea was a province at that time). There was a club called Giorgis in Ethiopia and one club from Eritrea. One day, these two clubs were playing a match in Addis Ababa stadium. The referee was from Addis Ababa and the two side referees were also from Addis Ababa. One of the side referee was a supporter of Giorgis club. While the match was going this particular side refer was unfair to the one club from Eritrea. The worst happened when Giorgis scored a goal. He put the side referees signal, red piece of clothe, emotionally between his two knees and he clamped his hand for expressing his happiness of the scored goal. What should have happened to such kind one sided side referee? Do you think that the authorities should have stopped the game and replace him with another side referee? Or, after the game is over next time to suspend him? There has to be rules how to deal with such situations.

Another example is a situation that happened in my childhood. As a child I used to play football, computing in running and walk with friends irregularly. We used to take everything as situation leads us to do it. One day, some senior of our district were making a running race. They were not that much different in age with me. I consider the difference could be a maximum of three to two years. The problem for me was I was very skinny and light so that I used to avoid to associate with them. One thing apparent for me was my skinny and light body was helping me to run fast. So, when they started the race I simply joined them. After three rounds I was just to pass and leading the race and one of the seniors told me to get lost or face the consequence. I immediately stopped and out on the side. Here the race was with out rules and no formality at all. It was simply chaotic and the law of jungle works in such kind of games. It is for this reason, to avoid chaotic situation and to make games in order, that rule of law is needed. But is rule of law only enough? what about fairness and justice. With out taking in consideration the supremacy of the constitution it would not be complete

Now, let us consider the following rule of procedures in a check point at a border.

From the above simple rules, in a law governed situation it is obvious that the steps to be followed. But what happens in a situation where there is lawlessness. For sure, the procedures will be the other round. That is first the guard will shoot at the driver and later gives warning of stop to defend its acts. If the rules have to be applied correctly first there should have to be respect for the laws and the laws could be respect if the constitution is applied.

From the above very simple examples we learned that rule of law helps to overcome anarchy and daily performances could be accomplished accordingly. Fairness and justice could be realized only, if the constitution is applied above the application of rule of law. It is one thing to apply rule of law, but it doesn't mean that justice is applied. And, it is positive and more advantageous to apply rule of law than ruling by sticks and bullets. But, sometimes, when rule of law is abused it is not better than the rule of a jungle. Applying the constitution would give the secured guarantee that the rule of law will result to be fair and justice. Therefore, putting aside the constitution and talking about rule of law will be like a talk about a grinding machine without grains.

3. Eritrean politicians Versus Eritrean Political Analysts

In Eritrean politics, the typical character is, it is full of heroic and militant patriots. Eritrean politics is rich in outlooks, but very poor in philosophy. The most ingredient of politics, philosophy, has no place in Eritrean politics. Just to put it plain, there is no known Eritrean philosopher. The outlook of the Eritrean politics is molded by the struggle for independence. The most important struggle for independence is successfully accomplished. I think every Eritrean is happy and proud of it. The next struggle of making a nation is becoming a challenge. I purposely and carefully selected the word "challenge" in the above context. First, I still believe that, if conducive condition appears I am confident that Eritreans are once again to prove that they are dedicated people to make a nation successfully. Second, Eritreans never kneel down to temporary obstacles, therefore, for any obstacle ahead are going to overcome it and finally, I want to contribute a boast of moral so that not to consider as we reached dead end for reconciliation.

The main problem in Eritrean politics is the mixing up of professional politicians, amateur politicians with Eritrean political analysts. Lack of a system in Eritrean politics forced the Eritrean people to accept the worship to personality. The personality politics has led to defense of positions for the very personality of the worshiped leaders. Examples are the governing body and its supporters to President Iseyas. The opposition groups and their supporters to Abdullah Idress, Ahmed Nassier, Hirue Tedla, Seyoum Ogbamicahal, Mesfin Hagos and others. If we were struggling for a system in Eritrea unlike we do for the personality, who knows maybe President Isseyas and Ahmed Nassier would have sided in one political system. Or, Abdullah Idress and Msefin Hagos would have ended in another political system. That no body knows as long as we are in the mud of personality politics. In the future, I hope that with the application of the constitution and governed by rule of law, we may get professional Eritrean politicians. I am praying this date to come. Waiting that to happen how can for the time being extract Eritrean political analysts from the mud of the personality Eritrean politics? What has to be done to separate Eritrean political analyst not to meddle in Eritrean politics. I considered myself as an Eritrean political analyst and it is long time since I took the neutral stand. Am I becoming successful in doing so? I really do not know. But, I got repetitively an encouraging sign from some commentators in my private email about my neutrality and that is encouraging me not to meddle in Eritrean politics. What I am trying to experience is I to be pure Eritrean political analyst without having side in Eritrean politics.

There is still existing confusion in understanding the difference between Eritrean government and PFDJ. To some commentators, to my articles, the puzzle is my stand supporting the Eritrean government and not of being a member of PFDJ. Some Eritreans do not know that the Eritrean government belongs to all and not only to PFDJ. It is complete ignorance to consider that the Eritrean government is the sole property of PFDJ. I know that, the Eritrea government do belong to me. And I know definitely that I don't need to be PFDJ member. More importantly, I know that I don't need to be in the opposition groups because I am not PFDJ. Therefore, I am certain that, I have the full consciousness I to be independent. I thanks God that I liberated myself from the backward Eritrean political personality. Some other time, when Eritrean political personality is replace by Eritrean political system I am going to reconsider joining to a fruitful political system. This time, I would like to encourage to my fellow brothers and sisters to abandon Eritrean political personality and give support for those who works to replace it for Eritrean political system. You don't need to be PFDJ, but you have to realize that Eritrea have to have a government and you can always support the Eritrean government. It is a little bit tricky and confusing to understand how to support the Eritrean government without supporting PFDJ. But, somebody can try at least to accept what will be the fate of the Eritrean people with out a ruler. Or, it makes easy to accept that as long as there is no reliable replacement the country has to have a government. There has to be a body that collects taxes and runs daily life of people.

According to my observation it is going to take time to separate Eritrean political analysts from Eritrean politicians. I am convinced as well, we are going to lack Eritrean philosophers for some years ahead. Worst of all, I am accepting that personality politics in Eritrea is going to dominate for a while, but I am fully aware that with the growth of civil society, there is going to be a change from personality politics to system politics in Eritrea.

4. Introducing New Web Site by Tesfamical Yohannes

I am trying to collect all my works in one place. Especially to new readers of my articles, some times they ask me what I have said in my previous articles. This web site is not professional and at the same time having full job and family makes it very difficult to work with it. Therefore, I am just constructing it to be used as a reference to my previous works. For the time being , I don't have an intention to make it a public web site. To access the documents somebody needs user name and password. That could be provided on request by my private email.

http://groups.msn.com/tesfamicaelyohannes

Tesfamicael Yohannes

The following note is, from the book "ROGUE STATE", by William Blum.

quotation from "Perverting Elections".

"It shall be unlawful for a foreign national directly or through any other person to make any contribution of money or other thing of value, or to promise expressly or impliedly to make any such contribution, in connection with an election to any political office or in connection with any primary election.